The first and important step to learn any language is to learn its alphabets and there are three basic factors for learning :
- Alphabet Recognization
- Alphabet Pronunciation
- Alphabet Writing
Here we are covering all these three factors so that you can learn Punjabi language easily and efficiently.
By clicking on any alphabet in Gurmukhi column, you can view image designed to teach you and help you learn Punjabi Alphabet. The pronunciation and examples with usage are also provided.
You can learn writing Punjabi Alphabets very quickly and easily through our images showing directions to draw letters. We think that people can learn better when they’re presented with simple examples that they’re likely to use.
| Gurmukhi | Punjabi | English | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
ਓ |
ਓੂੜਾ | Oo’rhaa | o’ as in room |
ਅ |
ਐੜਾ | Ai’rhaa | a’ as in hat |
ੲ |
ਈੜੀ | Ee’rhee | e’ as in energy |
ਸ |
ਸੱਸਾ | sas’saa | s’ as in same |
ਹ |
ਹਾਹਾ | haa’haa | h’ as in home |
ਕ |
ਕੱਕਾ | Kak’kaa | k’ as in Kate, kite |
ਖ |
ਖੱਖਾ | khakh’khaa | ‘kh’ as in khan, khaki |
ਗ |
ਗੱਗਾ | gag’gaa | g’ as in God |
ਘ |
ਘੱਘਾ | ghag’ghaa | ‘gh’ as in aghast, ghost |
ਙ |
ਙੰਙਾ | Ngan’ngaa | ‘ng’ as in England |
ਚ |
ਚੱਚਾ | chach’chaa | ch’ as in change |
ਛ |
ਛੱਛਾ | chhachh’chhaa | ch’ as in cheddar more like ch/sh robustly aspirated |
ਜ |
ਜੱਜਾ | jaj’jaa | j’ as in Japan |
ਝ |
ਝੱਝਾ | jhaj’jhaa | pronounced as harder stressed ‘j’ as in jolt more robustly aspirated |
ਞ |
ਞੰਞਾ | Njan’njaa | There is no English equivalent of this sound |
ਟ |
ਟੈਂਕਾ | tain’kaa | t’ as in Tom |
ਠ |
ਠੱਠਾ | thath’thaa | ‘th’ harder th as in river Thames |
ਡ |
ਡੱਡਾ | ddad’daa | d’ as in daddy |
ਢ |
ਢੱਢਾ | dhad’daa | dd’ as in daddy |
ਣ |
ਣਾਣਾ | nhaa’nhaa | Pronounced like English ‘n’ with tip of tongue upwards touching palette of mouth |
ਤ |
ਤੱਤਾ | tat’taa | t’ softer unaspirated t as inTim |
ਥ |
ਥੱਥਾ | thath’thaa | ‘th’ as in Thailand |
ਦ |
ਦੱਦਾ | dad’daa | th’ softer th as in ‘then’ |
ਧ |
ਧੱਧਾ | dhad’daa | ‘th’ stressed th seventh |
ਨ |
ਨੱਨਾ | nan’naa | n’ as in name |
ਪ |
ਪੱਪਾ | pap’paa | p’ as in papa |
ਫ |
ਫੱਫਾ | phaph’phaa | ‘ph’ as in philosopher |
ਬ |
ਬੱਬਾ | bab’baa | b’ as in baby |
ਭ |
ਭੱਭਾ | bhab’baa | there is no English equivalent of this sound more like bha combined together |
ਮ |
ਮੱਮਾ | mam’maa | m’ as in mother |
ਯ |
ਯੱਯਾ | yay’yaa | y’ as in yellow |
ਰ |
ਰਾਰਾ | ra’raa | r’ as in run |
ਲ |
ਲੱਲਾ | lal’laa | l’ as in lake |
ਵ |
ਵੱਵਾ | vav’vaa | v’ as in Victor |
ੜ |
ੜਾੜਾ | rhar’rhaa | ‘rr’ hard double r |
ਸ਼ |
ਸ਼ੱਸ਼ਾ | shash’shaa | sh’ as in shade |
ਖ਼ |
ਖ਼ੱਖ਼ਾ | kha’khaa | ‘kh’ as in khan or as ‘ch’ As in the Scottish Loch |
ਗ਼ |
ਗ਼ੱਗ਼ਾ | gag’gaa | g’ as in good |
ਜ਼ |
ਜ਼ੱਜ਼ਾ | Zaz’zaa | z’ as in zebra |
ਫ਼ |
ਫ਼ੱਫ਼ਾ | faf’faa | ‘ph’ as in philosopher |
ਲ਼ |
ਲ਼ੱਲ਼ਾ | lal’laa | l’ as in land |
Vowels
| Gurmukhi | Punjabi | English | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
ਾ |
ਕੰਨਾ | kannā | ā as in ਸਾ sā |
ਿ |
ਸਿਹਾਰੀ | sihārī | I as in ਸਿ si |
ੀ |
ਬਿਹਾਰੀ | bihārī | ī as in ਸੀ sī |
ੁ |
ਔਂਕੜ | auṅkaṛ | u as in ਸੁ su |
ੂ |
ਦੁਲੈਂਕੜ | dulaiṅkaṛ | ū as in ਸੂ sū |
ੇ |
ਲਾਂਵਾਂ | lāṃvāṃ | ē as in ਸੇ sē |
ੈ |
ਦੁਲਾਂਵਾਂ | dulāṃvāṃ | ai as in ਸੈ sai |
ੋ |
ਹੋੜਾ | hōṛā | ō as in ਸੋ sō |
ੌ |
ਕਨੌੜਾ | kanauṛā | au as in ਸੌ sau |
Nasal signs
| Gurmukhi | Punjabi | English | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
ਂ |
ਬਿੰਦੀ | bindī | It’s sound is same as ‘n’ in land, sand |
ੰ |
ਟਿੱਪੀ | ṭippī | Its sound is same as ‘n’ in punch, lunch |
ੱ |
ਅਧਕ | adhak | double sound to particular consonant that it is assigned to |
Punjabi is 10th most widely spoken language. Punjabi is spoken mainly in; East Punjab (India) where it is a state language, and in West Punjab (Pakistan) where it is widely spoken and in many other countries by people with punjabi background as well. There are number of Punjabi speakers, either as first or second language. If speakers of various dialects of Punjabi are taken into account, an approximation of 100 million would not be too far from the truth.
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